Environment Variables di Python

import os
 
# Menyimpan environment variable
os.environ['DATABASE_URL'] = 'postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb'
os.environ['API_KEY'] = 'your-secret-key'
 
# Mengambil environment variable
db_url = os.environ.get('DATABASE_URL')
api_key = os.environ.get('API_KEY', 'default-key')  # Dengan nilai default
 
# Menghapus environment variable
if 'API_KEY' in os.environ:
    del os.environ['API_KEY']

DATABASE_URL=postgresql://localhost:5432/mydb
API_KEY=your-secret-key
DEBUG=True
EMAIL_HOST=smtp.gmail.com
EMAIL_PORT=587

from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os
 
# Memuat file .env
load_dotenv()
 
# Atau tentukan path spesifik
load_dotenv('/path/to/.env')
 
# Mengambil variabel
db_url = os.getenv('DATABASE_URL')
api_key = os.getenv('API_KEY')
debug = os.getenv('DEBUG', 'False') == 'True'

project/
├── .env                  # Variabel environment (tidak di git)
├── .env.example         # Contoh file env (di git)
├── .gitignore           # File git ignore
└── app/
    └── main.py          # Aplikasi Anda

# Environment Variables
.env
.env.local
.env.*.local

# Tetap simpan file contoh
!.env.example

from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os
 
class Config:
    def __init__(self):
        load_dotenv()
 
        # Database
        self.DATABASE_URL = os.getenv('DATABASE_URL')
 
        # API Keys
        self.API_KEY = os.getenv('API_KEY')
 
        # Pengaturan Aplikasi
        self.DEBUG = os.getenv('DEBUG', 'False') == 'True'
        self.ENV = os.getenv('APP_ENV', 'development')
 
    def is_development(self):
        return self.ENV == 'development'
 
    def is_production(self):
        return self.ENV == 'production'
 
# Penggunaan
config = Config()
if config.is_development():
    print("Berjalan dalam mode development")

project/
├── .env                  # Development lokal
├── .env.development     # Server development
├── .env.staging        # Server staging
└── .env.production     # Server production

# Jangan hardcode informasi sensitif
class DatabaseConfig:
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = os.getenv('DATABASE_URL')
        self.username = os.getenv('DB_USERNAME')
        self.password = os.getenv('DB_PASSWORD')
 
        # Validasi konfigurasi yang diperlukan
        if not all([self.url, self.username, self.password]):
            raise ValueError("Konfigurasi database yang diperlukan tidak lengkap")